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Effect of dilution rate on dynamic and steady-state biofilm characteristics during phenol biodegradation by immobilized

Veena Bangalore Rangappa, Vidya Shetty Kodialbail, Saidutta Malur Bharthaiyengar

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0863-9

摘要： Continuous pulsed plate bioreactor (PPBR) was used for phenol biodegradation. cells immobilized on granular activated carbon was used. Dynamic and steady state biofilm characteristics depend on dilution rate (DR). Lower DR favour phenol degradation and uniform, thick biofilm formation. Exo polymeric substance production in biofilm are favoured at lower dilution rates. Pulsed plate bioreactor (PPBR) is a biofilm reactor which has been proven to be very efficient in phenol biodegradation. The present paper reports the studies on the effect of dilution rate on the physical, chemical and morphological characteristics of biofilms formed by the cells of Pseudomonas desmolyticum on granular activated carbon (GAC) in PPBR during biodegradation of phenol. The percentage degradation of phenol decreased from 99% to 73% with an increase in dilution rate from 0.33 h?1 to 0.99 h?1 showing that residence time in the reactor governs the phenol removal efficiency rather than the external mass transfer limitations. Lower dilution rates favor higher production of biomass, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as well as the protein, carbohydrate and humic substances content of EPS. Increase in dilution rate leads to decrease in biofilm thickness, biofilm dry density, and attached dry biomass, transforming the biofilm from dense, smooth compact structure to a rough and patchy structure. Thus, the performance of PPBR in terms of dynamic and steady-state biofilm characteristics associated with phenol biodegradation is a strong function of dilution rate. Operation of PPBR at lower dilution rates is recommended for continuous biologic treatment of wastewaters for phenol removal.

关键词： Biofilm     Exopolymeric substances     Phenol     Dilution rate     Pulsed plate bioreactor    

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Magnetostriction varieties and stress relief caused by pulsed magnetic field

Zhipeng CAI, Xinjie DUAN, Jian LIN, Haiyan ZHAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第3期   页码 354-358 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0123-4

摘要：

Magnetostriction is investigated to evaluate the stress relief caused by pulsed magnetic field treatment, because this physical property is closely associated with residual stress. Magnetostriction of different stressed samples is measured in this paper. The stress variations caused by pulsed magnetic treatment are also compared. It is found that magnetostriction variations are closely associated with stress changes. Thermodynamic potential is used to find the relationship between them. Based on several assumptions, we find that the product of magnetostriction amplitude and stress magnitude is nearly a constant during magnetic field treatment, which is valuable for stress relief evaluation and optimizing processing parameters. This conclusion is testified by stress measurements, and the calculated values are in accordance with the experiment results.

关键词： magnetostriction     pulsed magnetic field treatment     stress relief    

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Multi-objective optimization of surface texture for the slipperswash plate interface in EHA pumps

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0704-4

摘要： Well-designed surface textures can improve the tribological properties and the efficiency of the electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) pump under high-speed and high-pressure conditions. This study proposes a multi-objective optimization model to obtain the arbitrarily surface textures design of the slipper/swash plate interface for improving the mechanical and volumetric efficiency of the EHA pump. The model is composed of the lubrication film model, the component dynamic model considering the spinning motion, and the multi-objective optimization model. In this way, the arbitrary-shaped surface texture with the best comprehensive effect in the EHA pump is achieved and its positive effects in the EHA pump prototype are verified. Experimental results show a reduction in wear and an improvement in mechanical and volumetric efficiency by 1.4% and 0.8%, respectively, with the textured swash plate compared with the untextured one.

关键词： electro-hydrostatic actuator     axial piston pump     slipper/swash plate interface     multi-objective optimization     surface texture    

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脉冲水射流水力共振设计

蒲家宁,陈明

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第2期   页码 36-42

摘要：

在导管首端设置正弦脉冲流发生器，下游某处设置空气室，精心构建系统条件造成水力共振，使喷 嘴处脉冲射流的压力振幅大大提高。系统的数学物理模型用水力瞬变特征线有限差分方程建立，变时步方法解算。最优水力共振条件用Matlab直接搜索算法搜寻。正弦脉冲流发生器由恒流泵和正弦容积变化活塞 缸构成，电动活塞泵用凸轮传动给出恒定流量，活塞缸活塞用凸轮或曲轴连杆传动使缸容正弦变化。

关键词： 脉冲水射流     水力共振     特征线解法     变时步法     Matlab     直接搜寻算法     正弦脉冲流发生器    

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Methanation and chemolitrophic nitrogen removal by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor coupled partial nitrification

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1668-2

摘要：

● Efficient carbon methanation and nitrogen removal was achieved in AnMBR-PN/A system.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor     Partial nitrification/Anammox     Carbon separation     Chemolitrophic nitrogen removal    

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Enhanced atrazine removal using membrane bioreactor bioaugmented with genetically engineered microorganism

LIU Chun, HUANG Xia

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 452-460 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0050-8

摘要： Bioaugmentation with genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for enhanced removal of recalcitrant pollutants was explored. An atrazine-degrading genetically engineered microorganism (GEM) with green fluorescent protein was inoculated into an MBR and the effects of such a bioaugmentation strategy on atrazine removal were investigated. The results show that atrazine removal was improved greatly in the bioaugmented MBR compared with a control system. After a start-up period of 6 days, average 94.7% of atrazine was removed in bioaugmented MBR when atrazine concentration of influent was 14.5 mg/L. The volumetric removal rates increased linearly followed by atrazine loading increase and the maximum was 65.5 mg/(L·d). No negative effects were found on COD removal although carbon oxidation activity of bioaugmented sludge was lower than that of common sludge. After inoculation, adsorption to sludge flocs was favorable for GEM survival. The GEM population size initially decreased shortly and then was kept constant at about 10–10 CFU/mL. Predation of micro-organisms played an important role in the decay of the GEM population. GEM leakage from MBR was less than 10 CFU/mL initially and was then undetectable. In contrast, in a conventionally activated sludge bioreactor (CAS), sludge bulking occurred possibly due to atrazine exposure, resulting in bioaugmentation failure and serious GEM leakage. So MBR was superior to CAS in atrazine bioaugmentation treatment using GEM.
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Recent advances in membrane bioreactor technology for wastewater treatment in China

Xia HUANG, Kang XIAO, Yuexiao SHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 245-271 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0240-z

摘要： Since the introduction of the membrane bioreactor (MBR) in China in the early 1990s, remarkable progress has been achieved on the research and application of this technology. China has now become one of the most active fields in the world in this regard. This review outlines the development of MBR-based processes in China and their performance of treating municipal and industrial wastewaters. Since membrane fouling is a critical operational problem with MBR processes, this paper also proposes updated understanding of fouling mechanisms and strategies of fouling control, which are mainly compiled from publications of Chinese researchers. As for the commercial application of MBR in the country, the latest statistics of large-scale MBR plants (>10000 m·d) are provided, and the growth trend of total treatment capacity as well as its driving force is analyzed.

关键词： membrane bioreactor (MBR)     municipal wastewater treatment     industrial wastewater treatment     membrane fouling     commercial application     China    

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Immune response triggered by the ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma with nanosecond pulsed electric

Jianpeng Liu, Xinhua Chen, Shusen Zheng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 170-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0747-z

摘要： Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a novel, nonthermal, and minimally invasive modality that can ablate solid tumors by inducing apoptosis. Recent animal experiments show that nsPEF can induce the immunogenic cell death of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and stimulate the host’s immune response to kill residual tumor cells and decrease distant metastatic tumors. nsPEF-induced immunity is of great clinical importance because the nonthermal ablation may enhance the immune memory, which can prevent HCC recurrence and metastasis. This review summarized the most advanced research on the effect of nsPEF. The possible mechanisms of how locoregional nsPEF ablation enhances the systemic anticancer immune responses were illustrated. nsPEF stimulates the host immune system to boost stimulation and prevail suppression. Also, nsPEF increases the dendritic cell loading and inhibits the regulatory responses, thereby improving immune stimulation and limiting immunosuppression in HCC-bearing hosts. Therefore, nsPEF has excellent potential for HCC treatment.

关键词： nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)     hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)     immune response     recurrence     metastasis    

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Initial stiffness and moment resistance of reinforced joint with end-plate connection

Sufang WANG, Yiyi CHEN,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 345-351 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0054-x

摘要： In beam-to-column joint with bolted end-plate connection, the structural details of column flange reinforced by backing plate and column web panel reinforced by supplementary plate are analyzed. The joint is divided into some basic components, and the initial stiffness of each component is obtained. Especially, the initial stiffness of reinforced components is drawn by theoretical model and finite element analysis. The initial stiffness of reinforced joint can be obtained by assembling the initial stiffness of each component. The design moment resistance of column flange reinforced by backing plate is deduced based on yield line method, and the design moment resistances of other components are deduced based on present codes. The design moment resistance of the reinforced joint is then determined by the minimum of the design moment resistances of all components. By comparison with the results of finite element calculation, it is verified that the method to calculate the initial stiffness of reinforced joint is accurate enough to be used to estimate the rigid behavior of the joint and to make parametric study.

关键词： steel structure     end-plate connection     backing plate     supplementary web plate     initial stiffness     moment resistance    

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脉冲X射线模拟技术的发展

邱爱慈

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第9期   页码 24-28

摘要：

文章简要介绍了利用强流脉冲电子束加速器模拟脉冲X射线的发展概况及国内脉冲X射线模拟源的发展现状，指出作为主要技术途径，高功率Z箍缩技术在实现超强脉冲X射线源和ICF驱动源上都有很重要的 发展应用前景，并提出了今后工作设想。

关键词： 脉冲X射线     高功率脉冲技术     脉冲电子束加速器     Z箍缩     ICF    

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Bisphenol A removal from synthetic municipal wastewater by a bioreactor coupled with either a forward

Hongtao ZHU, Wenna LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 294-300 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0486-3

摘要： Forward osmotic membrane bioreactor is an emerging technology that combines the advantages of forward osmosis and conventional membrane bioreactor. In this paper, bisphenol A removal by using a forward osmotic membrane bioreactor and a conventional membrane bioreactor that shared one biologic reactor was studied. The total removal rate of bisphenol A by the conventional membrane bioreactor and forward osmotic membrane bioreactor was as high as 93.9% and 98%, respectively. Biodegradation plays a dominant role in the total removal of bisphenol A in both processes. In comparison of membrane rejection, the forward osmosis membrane can remove approximately 70% bisphenol A from the feed, much higher than that of the microfiltration membrane (below 10%). Forward osmosis membrane bioreactor should be operated with its BPA loading rate under 0.08 mg·g ·d to guarantee the effluent bisphenol A concentration less than10 μg·L .

关键词： forward osmosis     membrane bioreactor     bisphenol A     microfiltration    

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Advanced nitrogen removal by pulsed sequencing batch reactors (SBR) with real-time control

YANG Qing, PENG Yongzhen, YANG Anming, LI Jianfeng, GUO Jianhua

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 488-492 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0078-1

摘要： The feasibility of pH and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) as on-line control parameters to advance nitrogen removal in pulsed sequencing batch reactors (SBR) was evaluated. The pulsed SBR, a novel operational mode of SBR, was

关键词： reduction potential     oxidation reduction     operational     feasibility     nitrogen    

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wastewater treatment plants retrofitted from the conventional activated sludge process to the membrane bioreactor

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1483-6

摘要：

While a growing number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are being retrofitted from the conventional activated sludge (CAS) process to the membrane bioreactor (MBR) process, the debate on the techno-economy of MBR vs. CAS has continued and calls for a thorough assessment based on techno-economic valuation.

关键词： Membrane bioreactor (MBR)     Conventional activated sludge (CAS)     Cost-benefit analysis     Data envelopment analysis     Net profit    

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直接驱动Z箍缩的FLTD型脉冲功率源的发展

孙凤举,邱爱慈,曾正中,曾江涛,丛培天

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第11期   页码 56-63

摘要：

介绍了快直线型变压器（FLTD）脉冲源的技术特点；概述了美国圣地亚国家实验室与俄罗斯强流电子学研究所合作研制的FLTD－Z模块的新进展，基于FLTD拟重复频率运行的针对聚变能源（IFE）应用的原理性样机Z－POP装置，以及下一代惯性约束核聚变（ICF）和IFE用的指标为6 MV,60 MA/90 MA和100 ns FLTD型直接驱动脉冲源的概念设想；初步分析了FLTD直接驱动源需要研究的关键技术。

关键词： 快Z箍缩     直接驱动     FLTD型脉冲加速器     高功率脉冲加速器     概念设计    

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On the improvement design of dynamic characteristics for the roller follower of a variable-speed plate

Hui Ching FAN, Hong Sen YAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第1期   页码 5-15 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0310-y

摘要：

Without modifying the cam contour, a cam mechanism with a variable input speed trajectory offers an alternative solution to flexibly achieve kinematic and dynamic characteristics, and then decrease the follower’s residual vibration. Firstly, the speed trajectory of cam is derived by employing Bezier curve, and motion continuity conditions are investigated. Then the motion characteristics between the plate cam and its roller follower are derived. To analyze the residual vibration, a single degree of freedom dynamic model of the elastic cam-follower system is introduced. Based on the motion equation derived from the dynamic model, the residual vibration of the follower is yielded. The design procedure to improve the kinematic and dynamic motion characteristics is presented and two design examples with discussions are provided. Finally, the simulations of the kinematic and dynamic models by ADAMS are carried out and verified that the design models as well as the performances of the mechanism are feasible.

关键词： cam mechanism     variable input speed     kinematic design     dynamic design     optimal design    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of dilution rate on dynamic and steady-state biofilm characteristics during phenol biodegradation by immobilized

Veena Bangalore Rangappa, Vidya Shetty Kodialbail, Saidutta Malur Bharthaiyengar

期刊论文

Magnetostriction varieties and stress relief caused by pulsed magnetic field

Zhipeng CAI, Xinjie DUAN, Jian LIN, Haiyan ZHAO

期刊论文

Multi-objective optimization of surface texture for the slipperswash plate interface in EHA pumps

期刊论文

脉冲水射流水力共振设计

蒲家宁,陈明

期刊论文

Methanation and chemolitrophic nitrogen removal by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor coupled partial nitrification

期刊论文

Enhanced atrazine removal using membrane bioreactor bioaugmented with genetically engineered microorganism

LIU Chun, HUANG Xia

期刊论文

Recent advances in membrane bioreactor technology for wastewater treatment in China

Xia HUANG, Kang XIAO, Yuexiao SHEN

期刊论文

Immune response triggered by the ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma with nanosecond pulsed electric

Jianpeng Liu, Xinhua Chen, Shusen Zheng

期刊论文

Initial stiffness and moment resistance of reinforced joint with end-plate connection

Sufang WANG, Yiyi CHEN,

期刊论文

脉冲X射线模拟技术的发展

邱爱慈

期刊论文

Bisphenol A removal from synthetic municipal wastewater by a bioreactor coupled with either a forward

Hongtao ZHU, Wenna LI

期刊论文

Advanced nitrogen removal by pulsed sequencing batch reactors (SBR) with real-time control

YANG Qing, PENG Yongzhen, YANG Anming, LI Jianfeng, GUO Jianhua

期刊论文

wastewater treatment plants retrofitted from the conventional activated sludge process to the membrane bioreactor

期刊论文

直接驱动Z箍缩的FLTD型脉冲功率源的发展

孙凤举,邱爱慈,曾正中,曾江涛,丛培天

期刊论文

On the improvement design of dynamic characteristics for the roller follower of a variable-speed plate

Hui Ching FAN, Hong Sen YAN

期刊论文